Comparative Performance Analysis of PID and Fuzzy Logic Controllers for AC Motor Speed Control under Load
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30871/jaee.v10i1.12659Kata Kunci:
AC Motor, Fuzzy Logic Controller, Nonlinearity, PID Controller, Speed ControlAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan kinerja pengendali PID dan pengendali logika fuzzy (FLC) dalam mengendalikan kecepatan motor AC yang digerakkan oleh pengendali frekuensi variabel (VFD). Evaluasi kinerja dilakukan menggunakan analisis domain waktu, termasuk waktu naik, overshoot, dan kesalahan riak keadaan tetap (SSRE) pada berbagai variasi titik set dan beban. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa pengendali PID secara konsisten menghasilkan waktu naik yang lebih cepat daripada FLC pada semua kondisi uji, menunjukkan respons sistem awal yang lebih agresif. Dalam hal overshoot, PID umumnya menghasilkan nilai yang lebih rendah daripada FLC, terutama pada set point sedang dan tinggi. Pada set point 1200 RPM, PID menunjukkan kinerja superior dengan waktu naik sekitar 0,36–0,50 detik, overshoot 3,5–4,8%, dan SSRE sebesar 4,54–5,33%, sedangkan FLC menunjukkan waktu naik sekitar 1,01–1,02 detik, overshoot sebesar 7,5–9,5%, dan SSRE sebesar 7,12–11,54%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pengendali PID lebih efektif dalam menekan puncak respons dan menjaga stabilitas kecepatan pada kondisi steady-state. Selain itu, studi ini menunjukkan bahwa nonlinieritas motor AC dan VFD lebih dominan pada kecepatan rendah, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan overshoot dan SSRE pada kedua pengendali. Nonlinieritas ini terutama disebabkan oleh hubungan torsi-selip nonlinier motor dan efek switching inverter VFD. Secara keseluruhan, pengendali PID menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik dan lebih konsisten dibandingkan dengan pengendali FLC dalam sistem pengendalian kecepatan motor AC berbasis VFD.
Unduhan
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