Desain dan Fabrikasi Antena Rhombic untuk Aplikasi Telemetri Data pada Frekuensi 433 MHz
Abstract
Perkembangan riset komunikasi modern saat ini mengarah pada komunikasi satelit. Telemetri data atmosfer yang kemudian dikirimkan ke ground segment menjadi bagian dari komunikasi satelit. Untuk mendukung sistem komunikasi tersebut, diperlukan antena yang baik agar dapat menerima data pada jangkauan yang jauh. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan proses desain, fabrikasi, pengukuran, dan pengujian antena Rhombic untuk mendukung aplikasi telemetri data. Desain antena diawali dengan melakukan perhitungan sesuai spesifikasi yang diinginkan dan dilanjutkan dengan simulasi menggunakan software 4nec2. Hasil pengukuran antena yang telah difabrikasi menunjukkan adanya pergeseran frekuensi dari 433 MHz menjadi 416 MHz. Pada frekuensi 416 MHz, frekuensi optimum antena, terukur nilai VSWR sebesar 1,53 dan return loss sebesar −13,45 dB. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian secara langsung dengan cara menjadikan antena Rhombic hasil fabrikasi menjadi antena penerima dan modul radio 3DR sebagai sistem pemancar. Hasil pengujian langsung (outdoor) diperoleh jangkauan antena dapat menerima data hingga 3,94 kilometer. Secara umum, antena Rhombic hasil fabrikasi bekerja dengan baik pada frekuensi optimum, namum masih terdapat ruang untuk dilakukan perbaikan dan pengembangan kedepannya.
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