Application of the Least Cost Analysis Method in Optimizing the Time and Cost of Mechanical Earthwork in Construction Projects
Keywords:
Cost Optimization, Earthwork, Heavy Equipment, Least Cost Analysis, Productivity.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan manajemen risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) pada tahap-tahap akhir proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat tinggi. Tahap ini dikenal memiliki tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi, karena melibatkan berbagai aktivitas kerja yang berlangsung bersamaan dengan risiko yang saling tumpang tindih. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui pengamatan lapangan dan tinjauan pustaka. Analisis kecelakaan kerja dilakukanmenggunakan indikator Tingkat Frekuensi Cedera (IFR) dan Tingkat Keparahan Cedera (ISR), didukung oleh pendekatan distribusi Poisson untuk memprediksi kemungkinan terjadinya kecelakaan. Selain itu, identifikasi dan penilaian risiko dilakukan berdasarkan standar AS/NZS 4360:2004, dengan mempertimbangkan baik kemungkinan maupun dampak risiko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode pengamatan, tidak ada kecelakaan kerja yang tercatat, dengan IFR sebesar 0, yang menunjukkan tingkat frekuensi kecelakaan yang sangat rendah. Sementara itu, nilai ISR menunjukkan jumlah hari kerja yang hilang yang relatif kecil akibat insiden minor. Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada proyek ini dinilai telah dilaksanakan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku,
terutama terkait identifikasi bahaya, pengendalian risiko, dan kesiapan terhadap kondisi darurat. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen risiko yang konsisten dan terintegrasi dapat menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang aman dan
mendukung pelaksanaan proyek yang lancar
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