Spatial Assessment of Flash Flood Susceptibility in a Steep Tropical Watershed: The Banyuputih Case Study, Indonesia

Authors

  • Gandhi Teguh Lesmana Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jember, 68121 Jember, Indonesia
  • Entin Hidayah Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jember, 68121 Jember, Indonesia
  • Retno Utami Agung Wiyono Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jember, 68121 Jember, Indonesia
  • Fidyasari Kusuma Putri Program of Professional Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jember, 68121 Jember, Indonesia
  • Hilma Wasilah Robbani Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jember, 68121 Jember, Indonesia
  • Jagat Adi Samudra Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jember, 68121 Jember, Indonesia

Keywords:

Flash flood; Vulnerability; Banyuputih watershed; Information geographic system; Logistic Regression

Abstract

Flash flood susceptibility in upstream watersheds is influenced not only by rainfall intensity but also by the spatial configuration of physiographic characteristics and land use. The Banyuputih Watershed in East Java has experienced recurrent flash floods, emphasizing the need for spatial assessment to support effective mitigation planning. This study develops a flash flood susceptibility map using a GIS-based multi-criteria approach integrated with logistic regression. The analyzed factors include DEM-derived topographic parameters (elevation, slope, Topographic Position Index (TPI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and plan curvature), Hydrologic Soil Group (HSG), rainfall, river density, land cover, and NDVI. The relative influence of each factor was determined from logistic regression coefficients. The results classify the watershed into five susceptibility levels: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. High to very high susceptibility zones are spatially limited and mainly concentrated in upstream and parts of midstream areas characterized by flow-convergent topography and less protective land cover. Most of the watershed is dominated by very low to moderate vulnerability, indicating that flash flood potential is spatially localized. The resulting map provides a scientific basis for watershed management, land-use planning, and targeted nature-based mitigation strategies.

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Published

2026-06-11

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Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Applied Geospatial Information (JAGI)

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